Did Jonah Repent?

While there is no specific record of Jonah asking God for forgiveness, but his actions seem to imply a repentant heart.

The message of the book of Jonah is that God has compassion on all of mankind as well as the whole creation. It’s not really all about Jonah, but we can get some lessons from his experiences.

Jonah was a prophet who tried to run away when he didn’t like the assignment he was given. He was to tell the people of Nineveh to repent, but fled in the opposite direction.  When the ship he was sailing and overtaken in a violent storm, (Jonah 1:9-12), he admitted to the sailors that he was responsible for the calamity. Jonah’s confession might be viewed as an act of contrition or repentance on Jonah’s part.  To save the others, he acknowledged his error and was cast into the sea.

Once inside the fish, Jonah reflected on his behavior and also on the Lord’s mercy.  He realized that he had “sunk to the depths”, but was confident that the Lord still heard his prayers (2:7).  In 2:9 he vows to “make good”, acknowledging the Lord’s salvation. This could also be considered an admission of guilt or a form of repentance. It was only then that the fish was commanded to deliver him to dry land.

The Lord asked him to go to Nineveh again, and he obeyed. His message was heeded by the King and the people. When Jonah changed his conduct and followed the Lord’s direction, his message caused the people of the city to turn from their evil and violence.  God saw their repentance and did not bring the promised destruction upon them.

In 4:1, Jonah is angry that the Lord had compassion on the people of Nineveh, and the Lord questions his “right” to be angry. While Jonah waited to see what would happen to the city, God provided relief and comfort with the miracle vine, but then withdrew it. When Jonah felt “angry enough to die”, the Lord provided an abject lesson reminding Jonah of his mercy, compassion, forgiveness and concern for every living creature.  God rebuked Jonah for his hardness of heart.  The scripture do not tell us what happened to Jonah later.

Jonah’s actions demonstrated his ultimate submission to God’s directives, however the account does not record a specific confession or request for forgiveness. 

The greater lesson is that Jonah’s three day stay in the oblivion of the great fish is a picture of Jesus’ three days in the tomb.  On the third day, they were both delivered to achieve God’s eternal purposes!

What is the point of being baptized and should it be immersion as an adult or baby baptism?

When an individual has fully and willingly submitted their heart to God, desiring His will to be done in their life, they choose to make an outward expression of this relationship with God. Water baptism, full immersion into water, is merely a symbol of what has already taken place in their heart. Jesus’ baptism was an example for us. “And it came to pass in those days, that Jesus came from Nazareth of Galilee, and was baptized of John in Jordan. And straightway coming up out of the water, he saw the heavens opened, and the Spirit like a dove descending upon him.” ( Mark 1:9,10) In this example, Christians desire to be obedient to Jesus’ instruction to follow in his footsteps by “taking up their cross and following him.” (Mark 10:21)  The scriptures present baptism as a beautiful picture by lowering a person into the water, that is the death of the old, and arising from the water to newness of life. Baptism under this arrangement provides a beautiful privilege of demonstrating a spiritual desire to walk anew with our Lord. The word “baptism” in Greek as used in the scriptures is “baptizo” meaning to “make whelmed or fully wet.”

The act of baptism is secondary to the spiritual matters that are sincerely and maturely considered prior to baptism. The commitment made in complete submission to the will of God is one not to be taken lightly.

This scriptural arrangement provided for followers of Christ requires a mature person who is capable of learning, reasoning and making decisions.

In response to the second part of your question, with all this considered, the true intention of baptism would not be appropriate for a baby. An infant is neither capable of this level of reasoning and decision making, nor  would it be appropriate to fully immerse a baby. Furthermore, one person cannot determine the beliefs and desires of another person. The decision to give up one’s will in full acceptance of God’s will to be done in their life is impossible for an infant and symbolizing submission by water baptism would be completely inappropriate.

What was the connection of Jonah with the Calvary?

In Jonah 1:17, we read, “But the LORD provided a great fish to swallow Jonah, and Jonah was inside the fish three days and three nights.”  Then in Matthew 12:40 we read, “For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of a huge fish, so the Son of Man will be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth.”  Jesus was speaking with some Pharisees and teachers of the law who wanted proof that he was the Messiah.  Jesus answered that “a wicked and adulterous generation asks for a miraculous sign!  But none will be given it except the sign of the prophet Jonah.”  In other words, Jesus was not going to perform another miracle there for these Pharisees, or give any sort of miraculous sign just for show.  What he did was give an indication of what was going to happen to him, which was that he was going to die and be buried in a tomb for parts of three days.  

Jonah’s connection to Calvary was that his time in the belly of the fish was a picture of what was to come at the end of Jesus’ life.  Jesus used this as an illustration to show the Pharisees that he was indeed the Messiah, that he would die, be buried in a tomb, and rise on the third day.  Jonah in the fish represents Jesus in the grave.  Jonah being spat out onto dry land after his time in the fish represents Jesus’ resurrection.  Just as Jonah came out of the belly of the fish and was saved from death, so Jesus came out of the belly of the earth and was saved from death forevermore. Romans 6:9 reads, “For we know that since Christ was raised from the dead, he cannot die again; death no longer has mastery over him.”  How wonderful it is that Jesus died and was raised for us all, so that we also might live again! As stated in 1 Corinthians 6:14, “By his power God raised the Lord from the dead, and he will raise us also.”